조선시대 궁중연향과 교방문화의 술

The alcoholic beverages of the royal banquet and Gyobang of the Joseon Dynasty

이 논문은 조선시대 궁중과 교방의 연향을 구성하는 주요 구성요소인 술과 그 제조법을 고찰하는 데 목적을 두고 있다. 이를 위한 연구방법으로 궁중연향에 나타난 술과 민간전승 양상을 조선시대 고조리서와 고농서류를 통해 비교, 분석하였다. 연구대상 가운데 궁중연향에 나타난 술로서 정조연간 혜경궁홍씨의 회갑연에 쓰인 ‘소주’를, 교방연향의 상차림에 등장하는 술로서 영남지방의 ‘국화주’와 ‘백주’의 경우를 들어 고찰하였다. 특히 연구 과정에서 민간에서 전승되고 있는 ‘향온주’라는 술이 궁중에서 왕이 내리는 술을 뜻하는 ‘향온’이라는 일반명사에서 유래하였음을 밝혔다. 한편 1910년 전·후에 교방의 예술문화가 기생조합, 권번으로 이어지는 변천 속에서 교방의 음식문화에서 나타난 술의 양태를 경남계열 신문과 잡지를 중심으로 진주지역의 합성청주와 맥주 광고의 사례를 들어 분석하였다. 이는 대표적인 교방 예술문화의 중심지로 ‘북은 평양, 남은 진주’라고 불리어온 데 따른다.

The purpose of this thesis is to examine alcoholic beverages and its brewing method, which are the main components of the banquets of the royal court and Gyobang during the Joseon Dynasty. As a research method for this purpose, the aspects of alcoholic beverages and folklore shown in court banquets were compared and analyzed through a classic cooking book of the Joseon Dynasty. Among the subjects of the study, ‘Soju’, which was used at the 60th birthday party of Hyegyeonggung Hong during the reign of King Jeongjo, as the alcoholic beverage that appeared in the royal banquet, and makgeolli in the Yeongnam region were examined as alcoholic beverage that appeared in the table setting of the Gyobang banquet. In particular, in the course of the research, it was revealed that the alcoholic beverage called ‘Hyangonju’, which has been handed down in the private sector, was derived from the common noun ‘Hyangon’, which means the alcoholic beverage that the king gave in the royal court. On the other hand, before and after 1910, Gyobang's artistic culture led to the ‘Gisaeng association’ and ‘Gwonbeon’, and the aspects of alcohol that appeared in Gyobang's food culture were examined, focusing on Gyeongnam-affiliated newspapers and magazines, with examples of synthetic sake and beer advertisements in the Jinju region. It is a representative center of Gyobang art and culture, and it has been called ‘Pyongyang in the north and Jinju in the south’.