청소년의 스마트폰 의존도가 학업무기력에 미치는 영향

The Effects of Adolescents’ Smartphone Dependency on Academic Helplessness: The Moderated Mediation Effect of Depression by Self-Esteem

Objecti ve: The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of depression and self-esteem on the relationship between smartphone dependency and academic helplessness of adolescents. Specifically, the mediation effect of depression and the moderating effect of self-esteem are examined in the relationship between smartphone dependency and academic helplessness. Methods: The research subjects were 2,481 first grade middle school students (boys: 1,340 (54.0%), girls: 1,141 (46.0%)), who had participated in the 2018 Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey conducted by the National Youth Policy Institute. The survey data were analyzed for the moderated mediating effect between variables using Process Macro methods. Results: First, depression partially mediated the relationship between smartphone dependency and aca- demic helplessness. Second, self-esteem significantly moderated the relationship between smart- phone dependency and depression. Third, the mediating effect of depression was moderated by self-esteem in the relationship between smartphone dependency and academic helplessness. Conclusions: A method for reducing adolescent academic helplessness is suggested by confirming the functions of depression and self-esteem necessary to reduce adolescent academic helplessness. Implications on the case conceptualization and the intervention strategy with the focus on aca- demic helplessness of adolescents and future research are discussed.