20세기 초 서양 선교사들의 어학교재

A Study of Language Textbooks for Western Missionaries in Early 20th Century with Comparison between Korean Fifty Helps and Japanese Fifty Helps

This paper aims to analysis the characteristics of language textbooks used by Western missionaries in early 20th century through the comparison between Korean Fifty Helps and Japanese Fifty Helps. The Korean Fifty Helps written by Annie Baird was very popular textbook to Western missionaries, while revising six times from 1896 to 1926. Pastor Winn wrote Japanese Fifty Helps by adapting Annie Baird's learning method during the Japanese colonial period as missionaries in Korea were under the burden of learning Japanese to communicate with Japanese officers. The reason Korean Fifty Helps had been used as a language textbook for a long time was that it prioritized the acquisition of expressive whole sentences to learning of grammatical forms. Meanwhile Japanese Fifty Helps lost the learning effect of acquiring whole sentential expressions by matching them with Korean words by small units. In addition, it missed a meaningful practical processes in which learners could produce various expression according to their situation. The way of learning sentential expressions prior to grammatical forms is connected with modern communicative teaching methods in language learning. As the characteristics of Korean Fifty Helps are reflected quite a lot in modern Korean textbooks, it is worth saying that Korean Fifty Helps has become a predecessor of Korean textbooks for foreigners.