중국인 한국어 학습자의 ‘요’ 습득 양상

A Study on the Acquisition of ‘yo’ by Chinese Learners of Korean

The purposes of this paper are to investigate Chinese learners' acquisitional stages of Korean particle ‘yo’ and to suggest the reason why they acquire it through those stages. The usages of Korean particle ‘yo’ can be classified as follows; <-eo(final ending) + yo>, <non-‘sentence-final’ forms + yo>, and ‘discourse particle yo’. This paper shows, by analysing the results of selection test and interview, Chinese learners acquire ‘yo’ through the following acquisitional stages; 1) <-eo(final ending) + yo>, 2) <non-‘sentence-final’ forms + yo>(in this case, ‘connective forms of verb/adjective + yo’ and ‘adverbials + yo’ are acquired first, and then ‘nominals + yo’), 3) ‘discourse particle yo’. The reason why the stages are so can be explained in terms of processability. <-eo(final ending) + yo> can be acquired as one unit without being analysed, and thus is acquired first. However, <non-‘sentence-final’ forms + yo> can be acquired only after ‘yo’ is recognized as a separate unit. The reason why the acquisition of ‘discourse particle yo’ is late seems to be due to its optionality and opacity of meaning. As for <non-‘sentence-final’ forms + yo>, ‘connective form of verb/adjective + yo’ is acquired before ‘nominals + yo’ because of instruction and the difference in frequency. As ‘adverbials + yo’ can be recognized as one unit, at least at earlier stage in KSL, it is acquired earlier than ‘nominals + yo’.