인도네시아어 피동 구문 연구

A study of Indonesian passives: a typological approach

This paper aims to review the nature of the mechanism of Indonesian passives as have been traditionally influenced and characterized by Western grammar. It is necessary to define canonical passive form in Indonesian from the typological perspective. This study investigates the real nature of morpho-syntactic characteristics of ‘di-baca' construction and ‘object preposing' construction. Findings of this study show that the core mechanism of Indonesian passives consists not in the morphologically marked passive but in ‘word order'. The canonical passive form ‘di-baca' construction is a grammaticalized one which has been derived from the construction 'N2 N1 V, where N1 is occupied by the weak personal pronoun ‘di < dia'. The corresponding active sentence is the transitive construction ‘N1 mem-V N2'. This typological perspective does not mean that it is the single methodological approach to the study of passive construction of Indonesian. It is natural that such a kind of treatment should broaden the scope of linguistic research in order to support the universal-general theory with regard to the passive phenomena of world languages.