장애인식개선 프로그램과 문제해결학습이초등학생의 학년별 장애학생에 대한 인식과자기효능감에 미치는 효과 비교

The Comparison of Effects of Attitudes Development Program toward Disabilities and Problem Based Learning on the Perception of Elementary School Students on Disabilities and Their Self-efficiency

이 연구는 초등학생에게 장애인식개선 프로그램과 문제해결학습을 적용하여 장애학생에 대한 인식개선과 자기효능감에 미치는 효과를 알아보기 위하여 수행되었다. 연구대상은 초등학교 학생 142명이었다. 초등학교 3학년 45명과 초등학교 5학년 49명으로 구성된 두 개의 실험집단과 3학년 23명과 5학년 25명의 통제집단으로 편성하였다. 두 개의 실험반에는 각각 장애인식개선 프로그램과 문제해결학습을 적용하였다. 전후검사로 연구설계하였으며, 실험처치는 12주 동안 적용하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 장애인식개선 프로그램은 초등학생의 장애학생에 대한 인식개선에 효과적이었으나, 자기효능감에는 유의미한 차이가 없었다. 둘째, 문제해결학습은 자기효능감에는 유의미한 차이가 있었던 반면, 장애학생에 대한 인식변화의 평균에서는 긍정적 차이가 있었으나, 통계적으로 유의미한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 셋째, 이 연구에서 적용한 두 독립변인의 효과는 유사하게 나타났다. 이 연구에서는 장애학생에 대한 인식개선과 자기효능감은 적용하는 독립변인의 통제에 따라서 달라질 수 있음을 제안하고 있다.

This study performed the comparison of effects between the attitude development program toward disabilities and the problem based learning for the elementary students' perception toward students with disabilities and self-efficiency. 142 elementary school students participated for this study. The experimental group was two parts, 45 third grade and 49 fifth grade students, which were to apply the attitudes development program toward disabilities and problem based learning. One control group was consisted of 23 third grade students and 25 fifth grade students. Pre- and post- test design were utilized for this study, and the intervention was applied for 12 weeks. The results were as follows: (a) the attitude development program toward disabilities was effective to improve the elementary school students' perception toward students with disabilities, however the self-efficiency was not effective; (b) the problem based learning was not effective statistically to elementary school students' perception toward students with disabilities even though the mean was effective, however the self-efficiency was effective; and (c) the two independent variable, attitudes development program toward disabilities and problem based learning was illustrated as the similar effects to improve the elementary school students' perception toward students with disabilities and self-efficiency. Therefore, this study concluded that depends on how to control the independent variable, the results of the attitudes toward students with disabilities would be changed.