다운증후군 아동의 명사 및 동사 인출과 이해특성

The Characteristics of Noun and Verb Children with Down Syndrome

본 연구는 다운증후군 아동의 명사 및 동사의 이해와 표현 특성을 알아보기 위한 것이다. 이를 위해 명사 및 동사 이름대기 과제를 사용하였다. 다운증후군 아동 집단과 일반아동 집단 간, 다운증후군 아동과 다운증후군이 아닌 정신지체 아동 집단간 인출의 오반응율을 보기 위해 반복측정이원분산분석을 실시하였고 각 집단별 이해 검사의 차이를 파악하기 위해 t검정을 실시하였다. 연구 결과, 다운증후군 아동과 일반 아동간의 명사 인출 오류의 빈도에는 차이가 없었으나 각 오류 유형별 빈도에서는 유의미한 차이가 나타났다. 의미적 낱말오류는 두 집단 모두 높은 오류유형으로 나타난데 비하여 다운증후군 아동의 경우 ‘무관련ㆍ신조어’오류유형이, 일반아동의 경우 ‘잘모름ㆍ무응답’의 오류유형이 높게 나타났다. 동사 이름대기에서는 다운증후군 아동의 오류빈도가 높게 나타나 동사 인출에서 어려움이 있음을 보여주었다. 그러나 동사의 오류유형효과는 없는 것으로 보인다. 반면, 다운증후군 아동과 다운증후군이 아닌 정신지체 아동 간에는 명사 및 동사 오류 빈도와 오류 유형에 따른 빈도에 있어서 유의한 차이가 없었다. 또한 다운증후군 아동과 일반 아동간의 명사 및 동사 이해 검사와 다운증후군 아동과 다운증후군이 아닌 정신지체 아동 간 이해 검사에서도 모두 유의한 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 다운증후군 아동의 명사 및 동사의 이해는 일반 아동과 유사하나 표현에서 어려움을 가지고 있음을 시사해 주었다.

This study is to know the characteristics of noun and verb of children with down syndrome. In this study, a noun and verb object naming test was conducted with 10 normal children, and 10 children with other mentally retarded children who are at the same verbal age in order to understand whether differences exist in noun and verb selection between children with Down Syndrome, normal children, and children with other mental retardation. To identify the error rate of production between children with Down Syndrome, normal children, and children with other mental retardation, 2-way Repeated-Measures ANOVA was conducted, to identify the difference of comprehension of each group, t-test was conducted. The result showed there were no differences in the frequency of noun selection error between children with Down syndrome and normal children, but significant differences were found in the frequency by error type. Semantic word error was frequent in both groups. In Down syndrome group, the error type, 'no relation, coined word', was highly frequent, in comparison, 'don't know, no response' was frequent in normal group. Error frequency of verb selection was found to be higher in children with Down syndrome and it shows they have difficulty in finding verbs. But error type effect doesn't seem to exist. There were, however, no significant differences in the noun and verb error frequency and frequency by error type between children with Down syndrome and children with other forms of mental retardation. Furthermore, in noun and verb comprehension test between children with Down syndrome and normal children, and between children with Down syndrome and children with other forms of mental retardation, no significant differences were found. The results showed that children with Down syndrome did not show differences in frequency of noun selection compared to normal children but showed significant differences in the types of errors made and that verb selection error was also found to be higher than that of normal children. On the other hand, there were no significant differences in vocabulary comprehension, therefore, the results suggest that vocabulary storage of children with Down syndrome is similar to that of normal children, but their difficulties are in the selection of words. It is believed that such study results will serve as basic material for selection or use of vocabulary in language intervention for children with Down syndrome. The results imply that comprehension of noun and verb of children with Down Syndrome is similar to normal children, that vocabulary storage of children with Down syndrome is similar to that of normal children, but they have difficulties in expression.