통합학급 아동의 장애급우에 대한 사회적 거리감 특성

The Characteristics of the Social Distance of Children from Disabled Classmates in Inclusive Class

본 연구는 통합학급에서 경험하는 통합된 장애아동과의 상호작용에 따라 장애아동에 대한 편견이나 고정관념이 어떤 차이가 있는지를 살펴보았으며, 학급별, 성별, 이전 통합경험, 물리적 거리등에 따라 구체적인 차이가 있는지 구명하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 통해 밝혀진 결론은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 다른 학급과 구별되는 집단적 성격을 지닌 통합학급에서 생활하는 통합학급 아동들은 통합되어 있는 장애아동과 동일한 성별을 가진 아동일수록 전체 사회적 거리감과 교우활동에서의 사회적 거리감이 좁게 느끼고 있었다. 둘째, 이전의 통합학급 경험보다는 현재의 통합학급에서 이루어지는 직접적인 경험은 사회적 거리감과 교우활동에서의 사회적 거리감을 좁혀주는 요인으로 작용하며, 통합학급의 특성에 따른 차이가 현저하다. 셋째, 통합학급에서 통합된 장애아동과의 물리적 거리가 가까울수록 학교생활에 대한 사회적 거리감은 좁게 나타난다. 소속된 통합학급에서의 직접적이고 구체적인 장애아동과의 경험은 편견이나 고정관념을 긍정적으로 변화시켜준다.

The purpose of this study was to examine whether or not the inter- action of children with their disabled classmates in inclusive class made any differences to their prejudice or stereotype against disabled children and whether the former's social distance from the latter was different according to gender, previous inclusive experience and physical distance. The findings of the study were as follows: First, children who were enrolled in inclusive class, which was more collective than regular class, felt there was less overall social distance between them and disabled classmates when their gender was the same as that of the latter. And they also perceived that there was less social distance between them and disabled classmates in the field of personal friendship activities when they were of the same gender. Second, compared to prior inclusive class experience, their current firsthand experience in inclusive class had a better effect on narrowing their social distance from disabled classmates and on reducing their social distance in the area of personal friendship activities. The characteristics of inclusive class made a great difference to that. Third, the children whose physical distance from disabled classmates was closer felt less social distance in the field of school activities. Their firsthand and concrete experience to contact disabled classmates brought a favorable change to their prejudice or stereotype.