청각장애아동 부모의 청력상태에 따른 청각장애학생과의 의사소통양식 선호 성향

A Study on the Preference for Communication Styles of the Deaf Children's Parents with/without Hearing

본 연구는 청각장애자녀를 둔 청인부모와 농인부모의 의사소통양식 선호경향을 알아보기 위하여 사례연구로 수행되었다. 청각장애학교인 울산 ○○○학교 유치부에 재학중인 청각장애아부모 2명, 초등부에 재학중인 청각장애아부모 2명과 중복장애아부모 1명, 구미 ○○학교 졸업생 학부모 2명, 총 7명을 연구 참여자로 하였는데, 그 중에서 5명은 청인 부모이고 2명은 농인 부모이다. 본 연구의 결론은 부모 중심의 의사소통 방법을 따라서 아동과 상호작용하였다. 청각장애아동이 어릴수록 청인부모나 농인부모 모두 몸짓과 같은 비언어적 의사소통양식을 많이 사용하였고, 아동의 연령 증가와 학령기가 되면서 농인부모는 수화를 사용하기 시작하였고, 청인부모의 경우는 필담이나 구화위주의 의사소통양식을 선호하였다. 또한 청각장애아동의 장애가 심할수록 청인부모와 농인부모의 의사소통양식의 선호 성향에 있어 몸짓, 얼굴표정 등과 같은 비언어적 의사소통양식 성향을 띄었다. 본 연구에서는 청각장애아동의 부모가 선택한 청각장애아동과의 의사소통 양식과 교육의 효율성이 관련될 수 있음을 시사하고 있다.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the communication styles preferred by the parents with deaf children according to presence or absence of hearing and to provide some data needed to establish the communication support system for deaf children. Seven particular cases were selected, and the parents were interviewed in-depth individually with the interview recorded. They were asked to specify their responses to certain items on a questionnaire as the situation wanted. The data were used to individually interview the parents in-depth again. The interviews were analyzed qualitatively, and the analysis results were classified according to the research goals as follows: First, it was investigated what were the communication styles preferred by the hearing parents and deaf parents with deaf children. As a result, most of them followed the ones their parents used. Second, it was investigated what were the communication styles preferred by the hearing parents and deaf parents with deaf children according to the age of the children. As a result, the younger their children were, the more non-verbal communication styles such as gestures they used. As the children went to school, they started verbal communication in sing language, conversation by writing, and speech. Third, it was investigated what were the communication styles preferred by the hearing parents and deaf parents with deaf children according to the severity of the children's hearing impairment. As a result, the severer hearing impairment their children had, the more non-verbal communication styles such as gestures and facial expression they used.