한의약계의 3·1운동 참여와 의의

Participation and significance of the March 1st Movement in the Oriental medicine community

1919년 3월 서울, 평양, 원산 등 전국 10여 개의 도시에서 3·1운동이 시작되었다. 최소 100만 명이 넘는 한국민이 참여했다. 한의약계 종사자들도 예외는아니었다. 12월까지 만세운동으로 체포되어 기소 여부가 확정된 이들 중 ‘의사및 의생’은 81명이었으며, 매약상도 73명이었다. 확인 가능한 50명 중 43명이재판에 회부되었다. 특히 장년층이 만세운동에 적극적으로 참여했다. 이들은지역 내 주요인사로서 지역민을 선도할 수 있는 위치에 있었으며, 여유 있는경제력으로 만세운동에 필요한 경비를 지원할 수 있었다. 한의약계는 주로 만세운동 초기에 활동했다. 이들 활동을 유형화하면 주도및 동참이 대다수다. 이들은 자금책, 연락책, 은신처 제공 등을 하면서 만세운동에 매우 능동적으로 참여했다. 구장과 같은 면내 직책을 맡았거나 종교계임원이었을 경우 그의 영향은 더욱 컸다. 인적 관계망이 넓었던 한의약계 인물들은 다른 지역유력자의 동참과 지역민의 만세운동 참가를 유도하는 데 유리했을 것이기 때문이다.

In March 1919, the March 1st Movement began in about 10 cities across the country, including Seoul, Pyongyang, and Wonsan. At least 1 million Korean people participated. Oriental medicine doctors and pharmacists were no exception. By December, among those who had been arrested for the independence movement and whose indictments were confirmed, 81 were ‘doctors and medical students’ and 73 were medicine dealers. Of the 50 people who could be identified, 43 were brought to trial. In the case of oriental medicine doctors and pharmacists, it can be seen that the older generation was active in the independence movement. As key figures in the region, they were in a position to lead the local people, and with their ample economic power, they were able to support the expenses necessary for the independence movement. Oriental medicine doctors and pharmacists were mainly active in the early days of the independence movement. If these activities are categorized, the majority are leading and participating. They actively participated in the independence movement while doing funder, liaisons, and shelter providers. If the oriental medicine doctor or pharmacist held a position of district mayor, or was a religious executive, his or her influence was even greater. This is because oriental medicine doctors and pharmacists who have wide personal network would have had an advantage in encouraging the participation of other local influential figures and local residents in the independence movement.