中国轻罪前科封存制度与消灭制度的系统构建

The Construction of Sealing Systems and Elimination Systems for the Misdemeanor Criminal Records

轻罪时代对罪犯进行矫正的首要前提就是遵从轻罪后果与人本主义的结合，最大限度减轻标签化及其附随危害，促进罪犯回归社会。为此，中国应当系统构筑轻罪前科封存制度和消灭制度，减少犯罪附随后果。中国当前前科制度的弊端包括个体附随禁锢、制度层面的法理冲突及其社会影响。无论是刑罚改革需求还是法治精神的内在追求，都彰显轻罪前科制度构建的必要性。在具体建构层面，前科封存制度和消灭制度的构建至少应当从必要前提、具体构建和附随保障三个层次展开。

The primary premise for the correction of criminals in the era of misdemeanors is to comply with the combination of the consequences of misdemeanors and humanism, minimize the harm of labeling and its incidents, and promote the reintegration of criminals into society. To this end, it is necessary to systematically establish a system for sealing and eliminating criminal records for misdemeanors to reduce the consequences of crimes. The disadvantages of China's current criminal record system include individual confinement, legal conflicts at the institutional level, and their social impact. Whether it is the demand for penal reform or the internal pursuit of the spirit of the rule of law, it shows the necessity of building a misdemeanor criminal record system. At the level of specific construction, the construction of the system of sealing and eliminating criminal records should be carried out at least from three levels: necessary premise, specific construction and collateral safeguards.