아랍의 봄 이후의 튀니지 민주주의와 정치 이슬람에 관한 소고

A study on Tunisian Democracy and Political Islam after the Arab Spring

Since the 2010 Arab Spring, Tunisia has been evaluated as the country that has successfully established a democratic system in Middle East & North Africa (MENA). However, after the constitutional amendment in 2014, which was praised as an exceptional success for establishing a democratic system, party politics and parliamentary politics began in earnest, leading to the rise of political Islam. This recalls the past cases in which the political Islamist failed to control the violent extremism, have raised concerns among political scientists of the Middle East. International concerns about the rise of political Islam and violent extremism have taken on a new phase in 2022. The 2022 amendment on the constitution, which gave the president overwhelming powers, allowed the president to appoint and dismiss prime ministers and ministers without the consent of the parliament, as well as the power to dissolve the parliament. It is creating a space for violent extremist to prevail. Thus, this paper examines the trend of political Islam, especially violent extremism, that has succeeded in establishing their presence in Tunisian politics after the Arab Spring. Through this, this paper will also analyze the implications of the migration situation in Tunisia, where the largest number of Salafi jihadists have been sent abroad and have returned, on Tunisian politics and its impact on Tunisia, which is transforming into an authoritarian system.