『몽골비사』의 여성화자 고찰

A study for the female character of 『Secrets history of Mongols』: Focusing on Mongol nation’s ancestor Alangua

This study examined the activities of female narrators in the 12 chapters (282 articles) of the Mongolian historical literature “Secrets history of Mongols”. From Gua Maral’s history, the ancestor of the Borjigin family, to Genghis Khan’s death and after his death, till the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, there were more than 30 women, including the Alangua the ancester of Genghis Khan and Genghis Khan’s mother and wife, as well as the surrounding women such as queens, and peacemaker women. They are five levels of Genghis Khan’s who are his mother, wife , queens , and all the surrounding women all play active role as peacemakers who come and go to other tribe for marriage. This study examines one of these female narrators, including Alangua, who appeared at the beginning of the first chapter of The Secret History of Mongols. First, in the totemism the wolf and the deer, the two animals are naturally enemies, but they are the ones to be captured, so they are metaphors for the tension. Second, as a hunting civilization, the deer was a sacrifice and the sharing of food represented the process of reducing it to a human. Third, The author’s worldview is to say that the descendants of light, the Niru’un people, born by Alangua, originated from the heavenly ideas of the East and Central Asia, (idea is Hebrew.) Fourth, the bow, as a hunting tool, suggests the unity and harmony of brothers and communities, and is characterized by courage, reconciliation, and unity. Fifth, as seen in the animal metaphor, women are dominated by men, but they are independent, wise, and courageous, and if they are reconciled after a betrayal, women show their function as a bride who reconcile between who tribes. Through this, as an ancient Mongolian female character who appeared at the beginning of ‘Secrets history of Mongols’, are seems to be a metaphor for a worldview aimed at union by being peacemaker as a descendant of wolves, deer, and light (bow).