해상풍력 발전사업 갈등 연구

A Study on the Conflicts of Offshore Wind Power Projects: Focusing on Licensing Institutional Process

(Purpose) The problems of climate changes have made renewable energy sources such as wind and sunlight become sustainable and alternative energy sources to fossil fuels. Korean government has made efforts to develop socio-economically sustainable renewable energy policies in order to reduce carbon emission levels, especially by utilizing offshore wind powers. Korean government has tried to develop several offshore wind farms but the offshore wind farm projects have faced serious public resistances due to the lack of public acceptance of local stakeholders. Hence this paper tries to find structural reasons of the public conflicts that all of the offshore wind farm projects have faced. (Design/methodology/approach) First, this paper analyzes several public conflict cases (Bu-an·Gochang, Sin-an, Tong-yeong, Ulsan, and Incheon) of the offshore wind farms projects. Second, it finds the phases of the licensing and construction processes that the public conflicts have been initiated at. Finally, it tries to understand the reasons of the public conflicts of the offshore wind farm projects.. (Findings) Most of the public conflicts have been broken at the phases of the reviews and installations of the Windfarm Assessment Tools. This finding implies that local stakeholders have not been aware of the offshore wind farm projects before they had been made public. Furthermore the licensing rules of governments have not incorporated the positions and interests of local stakeholders into the development processes of the offshore wind farm projects. (Research implications of Originality) This paper suggests that the licensing rules of offshore wind farm projects need to be redesigned to make the interests of local stakeholders justifiable.