Recent biophysics research employs cutting-edge methods to decode complex biological phenomena, encompassing the analysis of biomolecular phase behaviors, the study of mechanobiology using single-molecule tweezers, and structural investigations of proteins. These approaches offer deep insights into cellular functionality, protein dynamics, and gene expression, substantially enhancing our comprehension of molecular and cellular processes. This editorial highlights these advancements in biophysical techniques, with a focus on recent publications in the journal ‘Molecules and Cells’.