프랑스국립도서관 소장 Pelliot tibétain 116에 수록된 Vajracchedikā Prajñāpāramitā에 대하여

The Vajracchedikā Prajñāpāramitā Preserved in Pelliot Tibétain 116

프랑스국립도서관(Bibliothèque Nationale de France) 소장 돈황 출토 티벳어 사본인 Pelliot tibétain 116에는 언어를 수반한 개념적 인식작용(saṃjñā, 想)을 소거하는 명상내용을 담은 『金剛般若經』(Vajracchedikā Prajñāpāramitā)이 수록되어 있다. 이 사본의 작성 연대는 ‘콘서티나 판형’이라는 책 제본 양식이 등장한다는 점과 고대 티벳어 철자법의 특징들이 등장하기 때문에 대략 9세기 초중반에서 10세기 말로 추정된다. 특히 이 사본에 수록된 『금강경』은 주로 정자체(우짼 dbu can)-일부는필기체(우메 bdu med)-로 필사되었고, 보존 상태가 양호하며 기존의 『영인 북경판 서장대장경』 등과 적지 않은 차이가 존재하기 때문에 다양한 돈황 필사본들과 깐규르(bKa' 'gyur)판들과 면밀하게 대조하는 작업이 필요하다. 이러한 대조작업을 진행하기 이전에 이 필사본의 철자법과 관련한 특징들을 열거함과 동시에 『금강경』 텍스트를 轉寫해서 소개하고자 한다.

The Vajracchedikā Prajñāpāramitā (henceforth Vaj ) is widely circulated in the Mahāyāna Buddhist cultural area and has also played a significant role in research on the stemma of bKa' 'gyur editions. Currently, the British Library and the Bibliothèque Nationale de France both contain various Tibetan manuscripts of the Vaj excavated from Dunhuang. According to my review of the manuscripts listed in Marcelle Lalou’s catalog (1939), Louis de La Vallée Poussin’s catalog (1962), and Alexander Zorin’s paper (2021), there are a total of six manuscripts of the Vaj in the British Library, IOL Tib J 100, 170, 173, 174, 617, and 707. Among them, IOL Tib J 170 is a complete translation of the Vaj, and the remaining five are only fragments. There are four manuscripts of the Vaj in the Bibliothèque Nationale de France,Pelliot Tibétain 10, 34, 116, and 118, of which Pelliot Tibétain 116 is a complete translation of the Vaj, and the other three are fragments. The manuscript Pelliot tibétain 116, which is the focus of this paper, is estimated to have been written between the early mid-9th century and the end of the 10th century. This estimation is based on the presence of an old bookbinding style known as “concertina form” and features of old Tibetan orthography. In particular, the Vaj contained in this manuscript is mainly transcribed in dbu can script─with some parts in dbu med script─and is well-preserved and quite different from the various existing bKa' 'gyur editions. Therefore it will be necessary to closely contrast this manuscript with the Dunhuang manuscripts and bKa' 'gyur editions. Before proceeding with a full-scale comparison of these Dunhuang manuscripts and bKa' 'gyur editions, I will outline the features of old Tibetan orthography found in this manuscript and introduce the Vaj text in transliteration.