论中国法语境下行政犯概念的流变与统一

On the Evolution and Unity of the Concept of Administrative Crime in the Context of Chinese Law

Administrative crime is an important area of concern in current criminal law research and judicial practice. A review of the history of research shows that the concepts underlying the research are still controversial. Even, there is a phenomenon that the concepts of administrative crime and legal crime are confused. Administrative crime is a type of crime formed on the basis of actual law. It is the product of the study of normative criminal law, which is fundamentally different from the criminology that focuses on the perpetrator. Therefore, based on the basic position of the criminal law, we should clarify the administrative subordination, relative prohibition and other basic characteristics of the administrative crime, and form the basic concept focusing on the objective attribute, which is the premise of carrying out follow-up research and judicial practice. In addition, we should establish a research approach with “execution connection” as the core.

行政犯是现阶段刑法研究及司法实践关注的重要领域，但梳理研究历史不难发现作为研究基础的概念尚有争议，甚至存在与法定犯概念相混同的现象。行政犯是依托实定法形成的一种犯罪类型，是规范刑法学研究的产物，与关注行为人的犯罪学有着根本差异。对此应基于行为刑法的基本立场，明确行政犯的行政从属性、相对禁止性等基本特征，形成侧重客观属性的基本概念，由此作为开展后续研究和司法实践活动的前提，并且确立以“行刑衔接”为核心的研究进路。