아동의 텔레비전 폭력모델링 중재과정에 관한 탐색적 고찰

An Exploratory Study on the Intervention Process Model of TV Violence Modeling of Children

The harmful effects of TV viewing have been discussed in relation with violence modeling of children. Exposure to aggressive models on TV can increase adolescents' subsequent aggressive behavior. Heavy doses of TV violence can affect children's attitudes as well and lead them to view violence as an acceptable and effective way to solve interpersonal conflict. And children learn a lesson from TV that violence works for both the good guys and the bad guys, it gets things done. Frequent viewers show less emotional reaction when viewing televised aggression. Children who watch televised violence may become indifferent to real-life violence. In order to prevent modeling effects of TV violence, pervasive interventions are needed. The present study propose an intervention model of violence modeling in children's TV viewing. The model indicates that intervention must be made in the whole process of program production and TV viewing behavior of children by control of relevant factors such as TV program producers, program providers, deliberative council, school environment, peer groups, family environment, and life style of children, etc. Some specific factors identified in each system are are as follows. Overcompetition among TV channels, overcompetition among TV program producers, commercialism, overemphasis on amusement need, idea of freedom of expression, artistic value, socio-political situation are facilitating factors producing violence model in production and supply system. Philosophy and ethics of producers and suppliers, autonomous control system of TV station, TV broadcasting council, citizens' organization such as YMCA, government authorities concerned, research results on TV modeling effects function as resisting factors against the production and supply system. Curiosity, amusement needs, daily stress, peer conformity needs of children, parent-absent and indifferent, influences of disfunctional school environment, undesirable TV viewing habits, influences of other media are factors of facilitating contact with TV violence in the demand system. Mediation by parent, reliable warmth of family, guidance of school teachers, parent education, campaign of citizens' organizations function as repression factors in the demand system. Some psychological attributes such as emotional stability, self esteem, achievement aspiration, ego-identity, respect for parent would function as self-control forces against indulging in TV program with violence. In order to prevent indulgence in TV violence of children, we have to intervene in every factors discussed above.