基于建构主义学习理论的幼儿园劳动教育课程建构—以小班幼儿自我服务为例

Kindergarten Labour Education Curriculum Construction Based on Constructivist Learning Theory: Self-service of Young Children in a Small Class as an Example

Early childhood is an important stage for educational enlightenment, thought leadership and behaviour development, and with the gradual attention paid by the state to labour education, labor education for young children has become an important educational content. In the context of physical, aesthetic and labour curriculum construction and kindergarten high-quality development, the study found that the kindergarten labour curriculum has problems such as ambiguous objectives, thin content, sporadic practice and little evaluation. According to the four basic views of constructivist learning theory, taking self-service labour education in small classes as an example, we construct a labour education curriculum system, emphasizing that it covers three dimensions and points to multi-development in terms of curriculum objectives, closely follows the life and integrates the fields in terms of curriculum content, enriches the forms and makes good use of situations and games in terms of curriculum implementation, and diversifies the main subjects and strengthens the process in terms of curriculum evaluation.

幼儿期是教育启蒙、思想引领和行为发展的重要阶段，随着国家对劳动教育的逐步重视，幼儿劳动教育也成了重要的教育内容。在体美劳课程建设和幼儿园高质量发展的背景下，研究发现幼儿园劳动课程存在目标模糊、内容单薄、实践零星、评价鲜有等问题。根据建构主义学习理论的四个基本观点，以小班自我服务劳动教育为例，建构劳动教育课程体系，强调在课程目标上涵盖三维度、指向多发展，在课程内容上紧扣生活、融合领域，在课程实施上丰富形式、善用情境和游戏，在课程评价上多元主体、强化过程。