유아기 모-자녀관계의 군집유형 분류 및 예언 변인

Classification of Mother-Child Relationship of Young Children

Background/Objectives: The purpose of this study was to identify the clusters in mother-child relationships of preschool children. Predictors were examined among the clusters with the prediction variables being maternal anxiety, parenting stress, and temperament of the children including novelty seeking and risk avoidance. Methods: The participants were 340 aged 3-5 years old and their mothers. The children were recruited from day care centers and preschools located in Kangwon province, South Korea. Maternal anxiety was assessed using the STAI-KYZ test. Mothers assessed the novelty seeking and risk avoidance behavior of the children using temperament scales. In addition, mother-child relationships were measured using the K-PRQ(Parenting Relationship Questionnaire), which comprised questions regarding attachment, involvement, parenting efficacy, and relational frustration. The data were analyzed using Pearson correlation, ANOVA, cluster analysis and logistic regression. Results: According to the cluster analysis of mother-child relationships, three distinct clusters were identified: high-risk, middle level, and stable groups. Maternal anxiety, parenting depression and temperament of the children such as novelty seeking were significant variables in predicting the three clusters. Conclusion/Implications: This study offers evidence that maternal anxiety, parenting stress, and the temperament of children such as novelty seeking are significant variables for predicting the classification of mother-child relationships for preschool children. Based on the results of this research, intervention suggestions for developing parental programs for the high-risk group were made.