갓 소포자 배양에 의한 Doubled haploid 집단 육성 및 표현형 분석

Producing a Double Haploid Population Using Microspore Culture and Phenotypic Analysis in Brassica juncea

Brassica juncea, a member of the Brassicaceae family commonly referred to asmustard, is an allotetraploid (AABB, 2n=36) resulting from interspecific hybridization betweenBrassica rapa (AA, 2n=20) and Brassica nigra (BB, 2n=16). In this study, microsporeswere cultured using F1 hybrids between two selected B. juncea double haploid (DH) lineswith high anthocyanin and glucosinolate contents in the maternal versus leafy paternity. The results of the microspore culture showed that the total number of cultured buds, obtainedembryos, and embryos per bud were 2,010, 15,526, and 7.62, respectively. Colchicine wasused to induce the amphidiploids (AABB). We found that 149 of the 218 regenerated plants(68.3%) were amphidoploid. Among them, 117 individuals underwent ripening and seedharvesting and were used for subsequent phenotype analysis. Leaf color, length, and otheragricultural traits exhibited various patterns owing to the recombination of the parentalallele. The glucosinolate (GSL) content ranged from a maximum of 29.27 μmol/g dry weightto a minimum of 6.39 μmol/g dry weight, exceeding the range of parental value. The compositionof GSL was mainly aliphatic, with sinigrin accounting for approximately 89% of thetotal aliphatic GSL content. These DH lines and their respective unique phenotypic traitsare crucial for crop breeding and are valuable resources for advancing functional genomicsand developing molecular markers in B. juncea.