국내 밀 품종의 붉은곰팡이병 저항성 유전자 평가

Assessment of Fusarium Head Blight Resistance Genes in Domestic Wheat Varieties

Fusarium head blight (FHB) causes yield reduction, quality deterioration, and mycotoxincontamination in wheat, highlighting the need for resistant wheat varieties. In thisstudy, we evaluated FHB resistance genes and infection rates in 44 domestic wheat varieties. Among them, 42 had the Type I resistance gene Fhb4, 37 had Fhb5, and 35 possessedboth. For Type II resistance, 14 had Fhb1, 11 had Fhb2, and five had both. Twenty cultivarshad both type I and type II resistance genes, and among them, Chungkye, Dahong, Gobun,Namhae, and Ol had all of the Fhb1, Fhb2, Fhb4, and Fhb5 genes. The average infectionrate over three years was 42.6% in cases with both Type I and Type II resistance genes and44.3% in cases without Type II resistance genes. The infection rate was very high in 2020and very low in 2021, complicating the analysis of the three-year average. However, whenthe infection rate was evenly distributed in 2019, there was a tendency for increased resistanceamong the varieties carrying Type II resistance genes. This suggested that externalfactors may influence infection rates, emphasizing the need for a precise evaluationsystem suitable for selecting additional resistance genes. In addition, it is necessary to developresistant varieties suited to the domestic environment through additional resistancegene selection and integration of resistance genes. This study contributes to understandingFHB resistance genes in domestic wheat varieties and developing resistant domesticwheat varieties.