马克思劳动思想融入大中小学劳动教育研究—基于对《1844 年经济学哲学手稿》《德意志意识形态》的文本学解读

Research on the Integration of Marxist Labor Thought into Elementary-Secondary-Collegiate Labor Education: Based on the Textual Interpretation of Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844 and German Ideology

Labor thought is an important category of Marxist philosophy and occupies an important position in its theoretical system. In the Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844 and German Ideology, Marx successively expanded his theoretical content from the two dimensions of human “objective activity” and “production” labor, revealing the unity of “purposiveness” and “regularity” of human activities, taking “realistic individual” as the logical starting point of Historical materialism, and using material production labor to reveal human nature, human existence, human development and other topics, which has an important guiding significance for the implementation of labor education in universities, middle schools and primary schools. In the new era, labor education in universities, middle schools and primary schools should be adept at applying Marx’s labor ideology, coupling labor education with ideological and political education, and leveraging the leading role of schools, families, communities, and mass organizations in labor education, in order to build a socialist modern labor education system that is in line with human nature and development.

劳动思想是马克思哲学思想的重要组成部分，在其思想体系中有着无可撼动的地位。在《1844年经济学哲学手稿》《德意志意识形态》中，马克思先后从人的“对象性活动”、“生产”劳动两个维度去展开其理论内容，揭示人的活动的“合目的性”与“合规律性”的统一，以“现实的个人”作为历史唯物主义的逻辑起点，用物质生产劳动来揭示人的本质、人的存在和人的发展等命题，对于贯彻大中小学劳动教育具有重要的指导意义。新时代大中小学劳动教育要善于运用马克思的劳动思想，实现劳动教育与思想政治教育相耦合，发挥学校、家庭、社区、群团组织在劳动教育中的引领作用，构建符合人的本质和人的发展的社会主义现代化劳动教育体系。