장년세대 노년생활 주거선택에 관한 연구

A Study on the Housing Choices of the Elderly Generation in their Old Age

본 연구는 장년세대가 은퇴 이후 노년에 거주할 주거를 선택함 있어서 어떠한 특성을 보이는지를 파악하고자 하였다. 수도권 지역에 거주하는 장년세대 남녀를 연구 대상으로 설정하여 이들이 노년 생활을 위한 주거 선택 시 가장 중요시 하는 고려 요인과 주거 선호도 파악, 이와 동시에 은퇴 후 주거 이주 계획에 관한 내용에 관하여 설문조사를 실시하여 이를 토대로 실증분석을 실시하였다. 이들이 가장 선호하는 입지에 가장 선호하는 주택을 적절하게 공급함으로써 이들의 안락한 주거 안정은 물론 주택시장에서의 수요와 공급의 미스매치를 최소화하기 위한 주거 정책적 관점에서 효과적인 대응전략이 무엇인지를 분석하였다. 또한 일반적 특성에 따른 주거 선호도 분석으로 은퇴 후 희망하는 주거의 유형과 희망 지역을 도출하고 장년세대들이 실질적으로 선호하고 희망하는 주거 지역을 파악하여 정책 수립의 기본 자료로 제시하고자 하였다. 다음으로는 장년세대들이 노년에 거주할 주거를 선택함에 있어서 경제적·입지적·자연적·물리적·사회적·관리적 요인들에 대한 가장 중요하게 생각하는 요인들과 현재 거주하고 있는 주거와 향후 주거 선택에 있어 중요한 부분에 대해 차이가 있는지를 분석하였다.

1. CONTENTS (1) RESEARCH OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study is to find out what characteristics the elderly generation exhibits when choosing a residence to live in their old age after retirement. In other words, we tried to analyze what was an effective response strategy from the perspective of housing policy to minimize the mismatch between demand and supply in the housing market as well as housing stability by appropriately supplying the most preferred housing in the location they prefer. (2) RESEARCH METHOD As a tool for empirical analysis, frequency analysis was first conducted using the SPSS 26.0 statistical program, and response distribution and sample characteristics for all questionnaires were identified. Based on the evaluation data on the matters to be considered when choosing a place of residence after retirement, variables were classified through factor analysis and reliability analysis for each factor, and significant differences in the general characteristics of the sample were found and verified through chi-square analysis. (3) RESEARCH FINDINGS About 80% of the population of the elderly generation hope to move to the Gyeonggi-do area or the outskirts of Seoul within 5 years after retirement and live in a country house, apartment, or residential complex with an area of 20 to 30 pyeong(66~99㎡) or less. It was also found that they wanted to live independently around their children. There is a need for housing policies that respond to their needs to be quickly established in the short and long term. 2. RESULTS Analysis of what is an effective response strategy from the perspective of housing policy to minimize the mismatch between demand and supply in the housing market as well as stable housing for the elderly by appropriately supplying the most preferred housing in the location most preferred by the elderly. In addition, by analyzing housing preference according to general characteristics, the type of housing desired after retirement and the desired area were derived, and the residential area preferred and desired by the elderly generation was identified and presented as basic data for policy establishment.