충북지역 3·1운동의 전개 양상과 성격

Development and characteristics of the March First Movement in Chungbuk province

The March First Movement that occurred in Seoul and other big cities on March 1, 1919 had been spreading into other areas. The movement in Chungbuk had taken place due to the domestic and overseas circumstances, including loyalty and filial piety based on traditionally introduced Confucianism, buds of national consciousness, resistance against colonial governance, King Gojong's sudden death, and proclamation of national self-determination. From the start of a demonstration in Geosan on March 19, 1919 to demonstrations in Jaecheon and Songhak on April 19, 1919, 38 rounds of demonstrations over one month had been found in Chungbuk. Given the number of missing demonstrations, more than 50 rounds of demonstrations occurred in Chungbuk. Some places like Geosan had seen over 2 rounds of Manse demonstrations, in particular, 3 rounds of fierce demonstrations on March 30, had taken place in Cheongahn. Due to such a severe demonstration, the number of victims in Chungbuk was placed in the third following Pyongahn and Gyeonggi provinces. With regard to the point of occurrence, the size of demonstration, and its development, it is impossible to estimate that the March First Movement in Chungbuk province occurred earlier or larger than in other provinces. However, it has a great significance. Although Manse Demonstration in Chungbuk started later, it had continuously and fiercely developed in the entire areas of the province. A beacon Manse Demonstration occurred in a hill became a unique demonstration, spreading into neighboring regions. Yoon, Byung-han (Jincheon), Yang, Bong-sik (Young-dong) and Han, Bong-soo (Cheong-won) who were patriotic soldiers, took the lead of the Manse Demonstration. This actually proves the inherent development of independence movement handing down from patriotic soldiers' activities to the March First Movement. In addition, that 6 out of 33 nationalists-Son, Byung-hee, Kwon, Dong-jin, Shin, Seok-gu, Shin, Hong-sik, Kwon, Byung-duk, Jeong, and Chun-soo-came from Chungbuk province proves that the province had a critical role in leading the March First Movement. The Chungbuk March First Movement had mainly been led by young farmers aged between 20 and 30 years old. They denounced the Japanese colonialism and hit a blow on it, and later took the lead of national movement as an advanced guard of independence movement.