论债权让与通知对担保人的效力

The Effect of the Notice of Assignment of Creditor’s Rights to the Guarantor

The notice of assignment of claims plays a role in guiding the notified subject to assume responsibility to the assignee. Both the guarantor and the surety have the possibility of wrongfully assuming responsibility to the grantor. Therefore, it is necessary for the notified subject of assignment of claims to extend to the guarantor. If the mortgagor and the assignor eliminate the mortgage right through the procedure of realization of security interest, it will have effect on the assignee. The assignee can ask both of them to jointly bear the liability for damages for infringement of the mortgage right, or request the mortgagor to increase the security according to Article 408 of the Civil Code. And asking the debtor to pay off his debts early. When Article 49 (2) of the Interpretation of General Rules of Contracts is applied, the assignee shall confirm to the guarantor whether the guarantor really exists and whether there is a special agreement prohibiting the transfer.

债权让与通知起到指引受通知主体向受让人承担责任的作用，无论是保证人还是物保人都有向让与人错误承担责任的可能性，故债权让与受通知主体扩张至担保人有必要性。让与通知担保人与从权利附随移转的从属性不冲突，如果抵押人与让与人通过担保物权实现程序消灭抵押权，对受让人会发生效力，受让人可以请求二者共同承担侵害抵押权的损害赔偿责任，也可以依据《民法典》第408 条请求抵押人增担保，以及请求债务人提前清偿债务。适用《合同编通则解释》第49 条第2 款时，受让人向担保人确认的内容包括担保人是否真实存在，是否存在禁止移转的特约等。