音乐作为观念内化的中介——荀子“乐合同”的社会学意义探究

Music as a Mediator of Conceptual Internalization: An Exploration of the Sociological Meaning of Xunzi’s “Yue He Tong” Concept

The concepts of Li (“rites”) and Yue (“music” which refers to poetry, music and dance as a whole) have always occupied and extremely important position in Confucian thought, ever since the Duke of Zhou laid the foundation of the Zhou Dynasty’s ritual and musical civilization by “Establishing Rites and Composing Music”. As one of the early Confucian “music” monographs, Xunzi's Treatise on Music has received extensive attention in recent years, and its sociological value has been widely recognized. The purpose of this paper is to take the concept of “乐合同” (“music” harmonizes different things) in the context of the Treatise on Music as the main object of study. Based on Alfred Schütz’s theory of “Mutual Tuning-in”, the study explores from the perspective of genesis how music as the “sound of virtue” in the Confucian social context is actually transmits “meaning” among individuals and builds collective concepts through the process of internalizing concepts after being given the moral connotation of “rites”.

自周公“制礼作乐”奠定宗周礼乐文明的基础起，儒家思想观念中的“礼”与“乐”一直占据着极其重要的地位。作为早期儒家“乐”类专著之一的《荀子·乐论》，其社会学价值在近年来得到学界的广泛关注。本文旨在以《乐论》文本中的“乐合同”观念为主要研究对象，以Alfred Schütz 的“相互调谐”（mutual tuning-in）理论为依托，从发生学角度挖掘儒家社会语境下作为“德音”的“乐”，在被赋予了“礼”的道德观念内涵后，如何实际地在个体间传递“意义”并通过观念的“内化”过程构建起集体观念。