The Development and Improvement of Record Review Practice of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress : Investigation Based on the Seven-Year Record Review Report

The practice of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress for more than 10 years,it is an important form of legislative supervision in China. Since 2017, the Legislative Affairs Committee of the National People's Congress has reported to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress for the record review of the annual work and made it public for seven years. The purpose of this study is to deeply explore the characteristics and shortcomings of the practice of China's record review system, and put forward suggestions, in order to provide a reference for the system improvement and legislative amendment. Based on the case published by the government, through case analysis, data statistics and other research methods, it is found that citizens and organizations have become the most active sources of clues for record review. there is a situation of improper mixing of constitutionality review and legality review, and there is a lack of clarity in the disclosure of cases. On this basis, this study puts forward strategies to improve the record review system, including: (1) strengthening the review opinions receiving system of citizens and organizations as the main body; (2) accurately distinguishing the applicable boundaries of different types of review;(3) strengthening the disclosure of record review cases under the “flexible” idea. These findings has great significance to the development and improvement of China's record review system.

备案审查实践在中国已历经十余年，是重要的立法监督形式。从2017 年至今,全国人大法工委已经连续七年向全国人大常委会提交备案审查年度工作情况的报告，同时向社会公开。本研究旨在深入探讨当前中国备案审查制度实践的特点与不足，并提出相应的建议，以期为后续的制度完善和立法修改提供思路上的借鉴。结合官方公布的报告内容，通过案例文本分析、数据统计等研究方法，发现当前公民、组织审查建议比国家机关审查要求更为活跃，备案审查过程中存在不同审查类型边界不明的情形，并且存在案例公开明确性不足的问题。在此基础上，本研究针对性的提出备案审查制度的完善策略，包括：一、强化以公民、组织意见为主体的审查意见接收制度，二、准确区分不同审查类型的适用界限，三、加强“柔性化”思路下的备案审查案例公开。这些发现对于中国备案审查制度具有重要意义。