배추 자원별 유전자형 변이가 배추 소포자배양 효율성에 미치는 영향

Microspore Embryogenesis Efficiency in Chinese Cabbage: The Predominant Role of Genotypic Variation

Microspore culture is a key method for rapid development of genetically uniform lines. In this study, we aimed to identify the critical factors influencing the efficiency of microspore culture in Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa), which is an important vegetable crop widely cultivated worldwide for its genetic diversity and nutritional value. To this end, we compared the efficiency of microspore embryogenesis across four different Chinese cabbage genotypes. We selected three accessions representing high, medium, and low efficiencies. Flower buds were harvested to examine pollen developmental stages using a light microscope. Unexpectedly, we found that the genotype with the highest efficiency (Wonkyo20044ho) had abnormally shaped microspores and pollen. In contrast, the genotype with the lowest efficiency (Wonkyo20039ho) had fine, normally shaped pollen. An additional experiment was conducted using the Wonkyo20044ho accession. Different bud sizes were harvested from this accession to observe differences in embryogenesis. The results showed that almost all pollen stages of this genotype were suitable for microspore culture. It can be assumed that the genotype is much more critical for microspore culture efficiency than the developmental stage of the pollen. Our results serve as a valuable reference for improved cabbage breeding methods.