정상체중군에서 Glucagon like peptide 1 수용체 길항제의 체중 감량 효과 비교

Comparison of Weight Loss Effects of Glucagon Like Peptide 1 Receptor Antagonists in Normal Weight Individuals

BACKGROUNDS Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are approved for treating type-2 diabetes and obesity in overweight and obese individuals. Despite this, there is significant off-label use for cosmetic weight loss in normal-weight individuals. This study aims to systematically review and meta-analyze the weight loss effects of GLP-1 RAs in normal-weight individuals. METHODS A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library on April 24, 2024, adhering to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines. Inclusion criteria were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that involved GLP-1 RAs with weight change as an outcome. From 1,537 identified studies, 727 full texts were reviewed for eligibility. RESULTS The semaglutide RCTs demonstrated significant weight reductions in normal-weight individuals, with a mean weight loss of -2.9 kg for 0.5 mg and -2.5 kg for 1 mg. Tirzepatide RCTs found weight loss of -3.66 kg at 5 mg, -6.96 kg at 10 mg, and -6.29 kg at 15 mg. Meta-analysis of liraglutide RCTs revealed a weight loss of -0.97 kg (95% CI: -1.47 to -0.23) at a dose of 1.8 mg, with no significant heterogeneity across studies (I² = 0). CONCLUSION Semaglutide, tirzepatide and liraglutide effectively reduce weight in normal-weight individuals, although the extent of weight loss varies. These findings highlight the necessity for further research on the efficacy and long term safety of GLP-1 RAs in nonobese populations, given the increasing off-label use for cosmetic weight loss in normal-weight individuals.