요양병원간호사가 경험한 환자안전사고, 환자안전문화 및 안전간호활동에 대한 연구

A Study on Patient Safety Accidents Experienced by Nurses in Long-Term Care Hospitals, Patient Safety Culture, and Safety Nursing Activities

본 연구는 요양병원간호사가 경험한 환자안전사고를 분석하고 환자안전문화와 안전간호활동간의 관계를 파악하여 환자안전관리 강화방안을 수립하기 위한 기초자료를 제공하고자 시도되었다. 5개 요양병원에서 6개월 이상 간호업무에 종사한 234명의 간호사들을 대상으로 2023년 11월 1일~30일까지 자료수집을 실시하였으며, 수집된 자료는 SPSS 29.0 프로그램을 이용하여 chi-square, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation으로 분석하였다. 연구결과 연구대상자 중 73.5%는 최근 1년간 환자안전사고를 경험하였고 이 중 3.5%는 내부보고를 하지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 가장 많이 경험한 환자안전사고는 낙상이었고 주로 발생한 장소는 입원실이었다. 사고단계는 근접오류가, 사후조치로는 집중관찰이 가장 많았다. 연구대상자의 연령, 간호사 경력, 요양병원 경력이 많고 의료기관 인증평가에 참여한 간호사의 환자안전사고 경험 비율이 높았다. 환자안전지침서를 보유한 기관에서 근무하는 간호사의 환자안전문화 및 안전간호활동 점수가 높았고, 환자안전 교육을 이수한 간호사의 환자안전문화 점수가 높았다. 그러나 환자안전사고 경험과 환자안전문화, 안전간호활동간의 유의미한 관계는 나타나지 않았다. 이상의 결과를 바탕으로 간호사 경력에 따른 차별화된 환자안전교육과 환자안전규정에 바탕한 환자안전 지침서를 실무에 활용할 것을 제언한다.

This study aimed to analyze patient safety accidents experienced by nurses in long-term care hospitals, and to understand the relationships between these accidents, patient safety culture, and safety nursing activities. A survey was conducted from November 1 to November 30, 2023, involving 234 nurses who had been engaged in nursing duties for more than 6 months at five different long-term care hospitals. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 29.0 software, employing the chi-square, the t-test, ANOVA, and the Pearson correlation test. The results revealed that 73.5% of participants had experienced a patient safety accident in the past year, with 3.5% of these accidents remaining unreported. The most frequently encountered accident was falls, predominantly occurring in inpatient wards. The accident stage most commonly identified was near misses, and the most common post-accident response was intensive monitoring. Nurses with more experience in terms of age, nursing career, and tenure in long-term care facilities, as well as those involved in accreditation evaluations, reported a higher incidence of patient safety accidents. Nurses with access to patient safety guidelines had higher scores for patient safety culture and safety nursing activities, and those who completed patient safety training had higher scores for patient safety culture. However, no significant relationship was found between the experience of patient safety accidents and both patient safety culture and safety nursing activities. Based on these findings, it is recommended to implement differentiated patient safety training according to nursing experience and to utilize guidelines based on patient safety regulations.