바이오마커 기반 알츠하이머병 최신 진단기술: 조기 진단법 개발을 위한 연구개발 현황을 중심으로

Current Methodologies of Biomarker-Based Alzheimer’s Diagnosis: Paving the Path for Early Detection of Disease

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a degenerative neurological disorder characterized by progressive cognitive decline and memory impairment, accounting for approximately 70% of dementia cases. AD is irreversible, and once it manifests, it continuously worsens. With the aging population, the prevalence of AD is increasing, underscoring the necessity of early diagnosis. Early diagnosis is crucial for slowing the progression of AD and enhancing the potential for effective treatment. This study reviews the current research and development status of biomarker-based diagnostic methods for AD, emphasizing the latest diagnostic technologies. Biomarkers play a critical role in drug development and treatment efficacy monitoring, and early diagnostic technologies are essential for proactively addressing neurodegenerative diseases like AD. Currently, the most widely used the most widely used AD diagnostic technologies include amyloid and tau biomarker diagnostics via PET imaging and cerebrospinal fluid analysis. Additionally, genetic testing and blood-based biomarker diagnostics are actively being explored. This review examines various biomarker discovery and measurement methods from molecular and clinical perspectives and discusses trends in the development of new diagnostic devices and technologies.