Phase-Internal Movement under Merge

I-language is a thought-generating system, having Merge as its core operation. Given Merge, both A'-movement and A-movement will fall under Internal Merge, with no distinction between the two. In this paper, I consider a Merge-based approach to A'/A-movement. In an attempt to eliminate the distinction and reduce A' and A to Internal Merge and External Merge, respectively, under Duality of Semantics, I claim that Spec-T is created not by Internal Merge but by External Merge, arguing that problems with Chomsky’s approach can be fixed and that A' and A can be deduced from two modes of Merge. I show that the proposed analysis naturally follows from the Merge-centered system assumed in the Minimalist Program and has theoretically and empirically favorable consequences.