1920년대 초 재일본 조선인 사회주의자의노동운동 구상과 활동 - 도쿄, 오사카조선노동동맹회의 결성 배경과 운동 양상 재검토

Labor Movement Conceptions and Activities of Korean Socialists in Japan in the Early 1920s : A Reconsideration of the Background and Movement Characteristics of the Tokyo–Osaka Korean Labor League

This study analyzes the labor movement developed by Korean socialists in Japan in the early 1920s, focusing on the Tokyo and Osaka Korean Labor League. Its primary purpose is to clarify what kind of conceptions these socialists had when forming labor organizations, and what sort of movement they carried out through them. Specifically, it examines the background under which socialist Kim Yak-su and his colleagues established the Labor League between the second half of 1922 and the second half of 1924, their activities, and their relationships with other labor organizations. As a result, it became clear that they aimed to build a federation uniting Korean workers in both Korea and Japan, using this as a means to support the founding and activities of a unified Korean Communist Party. In addition, they cooperated with Japanese socialist and labor movements, seeking to eventually form a unified proletarian front in the Far East. Furthermore, despite police suppression and restraint from other socialists, it was confirmed that members of the Tokyo and Osaka Korean Labor League consistently participated in this movement across the boundaries of Korea and Japan. Based on these findings, this study reconsiders the traditional assessment that the labor movement mediated through the Labor League led by Kim Yak-su Group was merely short-lived and failed to garner support from its members.

本研究は1920年代初頭に在日朝鮮人社会主義者たちが展開した労働運動を東京および大阪の朝鮮労働同盟会を中心に分析したものである。社会主義者たちがどのような構想を抱いて団体を組織し、それを通じていかなる運動を展開したのかを解明することを目的とした。具体的には、1922年下半期から1924年下半期にかけて、社会主義者の金若水とその仲間たちが労働同盟会を結成した背景、活動内容、他の労働団体との関係を検討した。その結果、彼らが朝鮮と日本の朝鮮人労働者を結束させる労働団体連盟を構築し、それを媒介として統一朝鮮共産党の結党とその活動を支援することを目指していたことが明らかになった。また、日本の社会主義·労働運動勢力とも連携し、将来的に極東地域における無産階級の単一戦線を形成しようとしていた点も判明した。さらに、警察の弾圧や他の社会主義者からの牽制にもかかわらず、東京と大阪の労働同盟会の構成員たちは朝鮮と日本の境界を越えてこの運動に一貫して参加していたことも確認された。本研究は、以上の分析を踏まえ、労働同盟会を媒介とした金若水グループの労働運動が一時的であり、会員からの支持を得られなかったとする従来の評価を再検討した。