农村地区退休创业者身份嵌入研究

A Study on the Embedding of Retired Entrepreneurs in Rural Areas

With the rapid economic development, China has witnessed a social pattern where an aging population and the hollowing out of the rural population coexist. Promoting entrepreneurship among retired elderly individuals is not only imperative under the new circumstances but also a significant force in actively responding to population aging. Through semi-structured interviews and by employing the grounded theory approach, this paper constructs a “behavioral path model of identity embedding for retired entrepreneurs in rural areas” through bottom-up three-level coding. It further subdivides identity embedding into the pre-embedding, mid-embedding, and post-embedding stages, and analyzes the embedding strategies in different stages. Based on this, this paper puts forward the following optimized paths to enhance the efficiency of identity embedding for retired entrepreneurs: improving policies to guarantee the development of entrepreneurs, obtaining political identity and absorbing institutional elites, embedding in local social networks to enhance cooperation and communication, establishing service relationships to enhance feedback, actively communicating and emphasizing self-improvement, embedding in the shared beliefs and values of local rural areas, constructing the social networks of entrepreneurs in local rural areas, and integrating local resources to consolidate structural embedding.

随着经济快速发展，我国呈现出人口老龄化与农村人口空心化并存的社会格局。推动退休老年人创业不仅是新态势下的势在必行，更是积极应对老龄化的重要力量。本文通过半结构化访谈方式，利用扎根理论的方法，通过三层编码自下而上构建出“农村地区退休创业者身份嵌入行为路径模型”，并将身份嵌入细分为嵌入前、嵌入中、与嵌入后期，并分析了不同嵌入阶段的嵌入策略。基于此，本文为提升退休创业者身份嵌入的效率提出完善政策保障创业者发展，获取政治身份并吸纳体制精英、嵌入当地社会网络增强合作交流，建立服务关系增强回馈、主动交流注重自我提升，嵌入当地农村地区的共享信念及价值观、构建创业者在当地农村地区的社会网络，整合当地资源巩固结构嵌入的优化路径。