Research on the Countermeasures of “Re-education” of Retirees under the Aging Process of Our Country : Analysis Based on Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

我国老龄化进程下退休人员“再教育”的对策研究—基于马斯洛需求层次理论的分析

The purpose of this study is to deeply explore the challenges of lifelong education in an aging society and the feasible path of reeducation for retirees. Through literature analysis and case interpretation, combined with Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, this paper explains the challenges and opportunities of retiree re-education from five levels: physiological needs, safety needs, social needs, love and respect, and self-actualization. It is found that relevant departments should first strengthen the alienation and transformation of the conflict between the hearts of retirees, clarify the responsibilities of all parties, and realize the mutual assistance and sharing of re-education resources. Retirees should actively explore their own experience, actively transform their roles, and reconstruct their social networks. Give full play to the main role of the university for the elderly, promote the development of “teaching + recuperation” model, and realize the “feeding” of education. This study provides a reference strategy for the whole society to link the chimer-ism and integration of all stages of education, optimize the concept of family education, and promote the development of lifelong education for retirees.

本研究旨在深入探究老龄化社会下终身教育的时代挑战，以及退休人员再教育的可行路径。通过文献分析法和案例解读，结合马斯洛需求层次理论，从生理需求、安全需求、社交需求、爱与尊重以及自我实现等五个层次对退休人员再教育的挑战、机遇进行阐释。研究发现，相关部门首先应加强对退休人员的人心矛盾的疏离与转化，明确各方职责，实现再教育资源的互助共享，退休人员应积极挖掘自身经验，积极转化自身角色，重构社交网络；发挥老年大学的主体作用，推动“教学+疗养”模式开发，实现教育的“反哺”。本研究为全社会联动各教育阶段的嵌合与融合，优化家庭教育观念，促进退休人员终身教育的发展提供了可供参考的策略。