基于马克思异化劳动理论的教育异化问题探析

An Analysis of Educational Alienation Based on Marx’s Alienated Labor Theory

Marx put forward the concept of alienated labor and made a systematic and profound elaboration in his Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts of 1844. With the development of education, the problem of educational alienation has become more and more prominent, and the phenomenon of alienation has appeared in the subject of education, the purpose of education and the idea of education. Based on Marx’s theory of alienated labor, this paper makes a reasonable examination of it and explores the causes of educational alienation on the basis of the phenomenon. Through developing productive forces, perfecting related education system, correctly understanding the value of education and training “complete people”, the problem of educational alienation should be correctly subricated, so as to gradually eliminate the alienation of education.

马克思在《1844 年经济学哲学手稿》中提出了异化劳动的概念并做了系统的、深刻的阐述。随着教育的发展，教育异化问题也变得愈加突出，教育主体、教育目的以及教育思想都出现了异化现象，基于马克思的异化劳动理论对其进行合理的审视，在异化现象基础上探寻教育异化产生的原因。通过大力发展生产力、完善相关教育制度、正确认识教育的价值以及培养“完整的人”对教育异化问题进行正确的扬弃，以逐步消除教育的异化。