列宁的社会主义现代化思想及其当代启示——基于对列宁“政治遗嘱”的分析

Lenin’s Thoughts on Socialist Modernization and Their Contemporary Implications: An Analysis Based on Lenin’s “Political Testament”

After the victory of the October Revolution, Lenin led Russia to carry out socialist modernization and elaborated many theoretical views on modernization. He inherited the basic views of Marx and Engels on capitalist modernization and, taking into account the background of the times and the reality of the country, discussed in detail the dilemmas, reasons and countermeasures for the construction of socialist modernization in Russia. Fundamentally, Lenin’s socialist modernization is the modernization of man. The report of the 20th CPC National Congress emphasizes that China’s future development will be centered on the theme of “Chinese path to modernization”, so systematically combing through the socialist modernization ideas explained in Lenin’s “Political Testament” is not only conducive to enhancing the understanding of Marxist modernization theory, but also helpful to comprehensively promoting Chinese path to modernization. A systematic study of Lenin’s thoughts of socialist modernization as explained in his “Political Testament” is not only conducive to a better understanding of Marxist modernization theory, but also of practical significance to the comprehensive advancement of the construction of Chinese path to modernization, and plays an important role in the continued evolution of human civilization.

十月革命胜利后，列宁领导俄国进行社会主义现代化建设并阐述了许多有关现代化的理论观点。他继承了马克思、恩格斯有关资本主义现代化的基本观点，结合俄国所面临的时代背景和现实国情，对其建设社会主义现代化的困境、原因及对策展开了详尽论述。从根本上讲，列宁的社会主义现代化是人的现代化。党的二十大报告强调未来中国的发展将围绕“中国式现代化”这一主题全面展开，系统梳理列宁在“政治遗嘱”中阐释的社会主义现代化思想，不仅有利于增强对马克思主义现代化理论的理解，而且对全面推进中国式现代化建设具有实际意义，更对人类文明的赓续演进发挥着重要作用。