太渥马克思主义自然法理论建构评析——以生产方式的自然法为中心

Comment on Taiwo’s Construction of Marxist Natural Law Theory: Center on the Natural Law of the Mode of Production

Taiwo employs Marx’s concept of the mode of production in the sense of the combination of the “material mode” and “social attribute”, advocating that the “legal” relationship indispensable for constituting this category is a natural law of a mode of production, and on this foundation, constructs a Marxist theory of natural law. However, the natural law of this mode of production is associated with Hohfeld's structure of rights in Taiwo’s view. On the one hand, the structure of rights is essentially a conceptual logical framework of concepts and does not have the reality of historical materialist law; on the other hand, the structure of rights can not truly realize the restrictive effect on the legal superstructure, which is contradictory to the essence of the Marxist legal theory and the natural law tradition that Taiwo began with. Therefore, the theoretical construction of Taiwo cannot be recognized by Marxism, and his integration scheme of putting Marxist legal theory in the tradition of natural law is difficult to be self-consistent.

太渥在“物质方式”与“社会属性”相结合的意义上使用马克思的生产方式概念，主张构成这一概念所必需的“法律”关系是一种生产方式的自然法，并以此为基础建构了一种马克思主义自然法理论。然而，这种生产方式的自然法在太渥那里却与霍菲尔德的权利结构相关联。一方面，权利结构在本质上是一种观念性的概念逻辑框架，并不具有历史唯物主义法的现实性；另一方面，权利结构无法真正实现对法律上层建筑的制约作用，这与太渥一开始对马克思主义法律理论与自然法传统的本质规定相矛盾。因此，太渥的理论建构并不能获得马克思主义的承认，他将马克思主义法律理论置于自然法传统之中的融合方案终究难以自洽。