복지국가의 관대성과 개인의 혁신 역량에 관한 다층모형 분석

A Multilevel Analysis of Welfare State Generosity and Individual Innovative Capacity

(Purpose) This study explores the relationship between welfare state generosity and individual innovative capacity, emphasizing their importance as strategies for ensuring ‘sustainability’ in societies, and aims to empirically examine and clarify their connection. (Design/methodology/approach) Fourteen OECD countries were selected based on their development levels and welfare regimes. The independent variable, welfare generosity, was measured using a composite index reflecting both quantitative and qualitative aspects. The dependent variable, individual innovative capacity, was assessed using GEM APS indicators, including entrepreneurial potential and strategic capability. A Hierarchical Linear Model(HLM) was employed to analyze the interplay between country-level and individual-level variables. (Findings) The analysis shows that welfare generosity positively influences individual innovative capacity. Specifically, more generous unemployment benefits and public pension systems enhance individual innovative capacity. Individual innovative capacity rises with higher economic development, augmented long-term unemployment, internal market dynamics and openness, and stronger cultural and social norms related to entrepreneurship. (Research implications or Originality) Contrary to traditional views that welfare and innovation are incompatible, this study highlights the role of comprehensive social safety nets in fostering individual innovative capacity. It provides empirical support for integrating welfare policies into innovation strategies for sustainable development.