농업과 비농업 소득 격차와 기회의 불평등 분석

Agricultural and Non-agricultural Income Gap and Inequality of Opportunity

The purpose of this study is to analyze the income gap between agricultural and non-agricultural industries using the concept of Inequality of Opportunity (IOP). It estimates the scale of inequality of opportunity arising from engaging in agriculture and justifies the transfer income related to agriculture. Inequality of opportunity was estimated using the 15th National Survey of Tax and Benefit (NaSTaB) based on the concept of ex-ante equality, wherein covariates do not affect inequality. The estimation results indicate that inequality of opportunity arising from agriculture accounts for about 6% of the gap between earned and household income of agricultural and non-agricultural workers (in manufacturing, construction, and retail). This gap ranges from a minimum of 1.1 million KRW to a maximum of 6.13 million KRW. Therefore, current agricultural transfer income policies, such as agricultural direct payments, subsidies, and farmer