Rare complication after botulinum toxin injection for facial contour: a case report and a literature review

The patient we report is a young male with a history of hemophilia. Six hours after he received the injection of botulinum toxin for facial contouring, the right side of his face began to become inflamed and swollen, then gradually aggravated with cyanosis, local pain, and restriction of mouth opening. After transfusion of coagulation factor IX, the absorption of hematoma increased, and the swelling subsided significantly before discharge. There have been no reports of extensive hematomas, a rare complication of botulinum toxin in hemophiliacs. This article summarizes the diagnosis and treatment of this case, and reviews related literature to provide further information on the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of such rare complications.