Vulnerability Assessment and Climate Risks in Rwanda

This assessment explores Rwanda's vulnerability to climate change, emphasizing the damages and losses resulting from various climate-related events. By utilizing spatial mapping, it identifies high-risk areas to guide the development of strategies aimed at enhancing climate resilience and promoting environmental sustainability. Rwanda’s geographical features and population density increase its susceptibility, with the highlands facing heavy rains, landslides, and soil erosion, while the eastern regions are prone to drought. Between 1971 and 2018, Rwanda experienced rising temperatures and greater rainfall variability, with projections indicating further warming by 0.9 to 2.2°C by mid-century, likely intensifying climate impacts. The study reviews climate-related disasters from 2016 to 2023, identifying Rubavu District as a flood and landslide hotspot, especially during a major event in May 2023. Kirehe District, known for its vulnerability to drought, has also been affected by rainstorms and windstorms. These regional variations in climate risks underscore the need for tailored mitigation strategies. The study stresses the urgent need for robust, climate-resilient actions that not only withstand the impacts of climate change but also foster environmental sustainability.