고려(高麗)와 원(元)의 상호 음악에 관한 비교 고찰

A Comparative Study of the Mutual Musical Influence Between Goryeo and Yuan

Most studies on the exchanges between the Goryeo Dynasty and the Yuan Dynasty have focused on politics and diplomacy, population movement, the Gongnyeo system, and marital relationships. However, research on musical exchanges between the two dynasties is very limited, and there are few studies examining the impact of mutual exchanges on the musical development of both dynasties. To address these issues, this study examined how the music of the Yuan Dynasty influenced the Goryeo Dynasty and vice versa, using historical documents. Based on the findings, it provides a comparative analysis of the musical aspects of the two dynasties. The results can be summarized as follows: First, the statuses and classes of music appreciators in the two dynasties differ significantly. In the Goryeo Dynasty, those who appreciated the music of the Yuan Dynasty were primarily the king and the nobility. In contrast, the audience for Goryeo music in the Yuan Dynasty varied widely, including the emperor, nobility, common people, and even soldiers. While the range of Goryeo music appreciators in the Yuan Dynasty was limited, the audience for Goryeo music in the Yuan Dynasty was broad and diverse. Second, the individuals responsible for music direction in the two dynasties differ. In the Goryeo Dynasty, the direction of Yuan music was primarily managed by Goryeo musicians. In contrast, in the Yuan Dynasty, the direction of Goryeo music was also overseen by Goryeo musicians. Third, the musical forms adopted by the two dynasties differ. The Goryeo Dynasty embraced the musical forms of Aak, Sangok, Baekhui, and Hoak, while the Yuan Dynasty utilized the musical forms of Hyangak, Dangak, and Muak.