In the 13th and 14th centuries, Tamna (耽羅) experienced various changes as its affiliation shifted between Goryeo and the Yuan dynasty, with government offices being established and later abolished. What made Tamna particularly significant was that it became the site of one of the fourteen Imperial Horse Ranches of the Yuan dynasty. As a result, the island became widely known both domestically and internationally as a major center for horse breeding. The Mongols left behind equestrian-related vocabulary and horse-rearing techniques, some of which persist to this day. However, many aspects of the Yuan dynasty’s horse administration remain unclear, and little is known about the actual operation of the Tamna horse ranch. With only one or two direct records available, this study aims to partially reconstruct its characteristics through inference. The fourteen ranches were primarily dedicated to breeding horses for the Khan and the Khatun. It is likely that the Tamna horse ranch specifically raised the livestock of Zhenjin (眞金), who was appointed Crown Prince during Kublai Khan’s reign and held offices and wealth nearly equivalent to the Khan, along with his consort Kökejin (闊闊眞). The individual who first brought horses to Tamna, known as Tarachi (塔剌赤), was likely a member of Zhenjin’s Keshig (imperial guard). After being stationed in Tamna, he later moved to Yunnan, which was Zhenjin’s fief, to continue his duties. Additionally, an analysis of the names of the horsemen (牧人) at the Tamna ranch suggests that there were more Semu (色目人, Central Asian and other non-Mongol ethnic groups) personnel than ethnic Mongols.
1. 序論
2. 14개 목장: 다른 목장의 예
3. 耽羅 목장
4. 結論
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