집단미술치료가 발달장애자녀를 둔 어머니의 자기효능감과 양육스트레스에 미치는 효과

Effects of Group Art Therapy on Self-Efficacy and Parenting Stress in Mothers of Children with Developmental Disabilities

본 연구는 집단미술치료가 발달장애자녀를 둔 어머니의 자기효능감과 양육스트레스에 미치는 효과를 알아보고자 하였다. 연구대상은 G시의 장애인가족지원센터를 이용하는 발달장애자녀를 둔 어머니 14명을 실험집단과 통제집단 각각 7명씩 무선배치 하였다. 집단미술치료는 주 1∼2회, 회당 90분씩 총 12회기를 진행하였다. 연구도구로는 자기효능감과 양육스트레스검사, K-HTP와 PITR그림검사를 사용하였다. 자료 분석은 대응표본 t검정으로 분석하였다. 연구결과, 집단미술치료가 실험집단의 자기효능감과 양육스트레스에 통계적으로 유의미한 효과를 보였다. 질적 분석에서 집단원들은 자기효능감과 양육스트레스에 긍정적인 변화를 보였다. 본 연구는 집단미술치료가 발달장애자녀를 둔 어머니의 심리사회적 문제를 분석하여 해결 방안을 제시하였다는데 의의가 있다.

The purpose of this research was to examine the effects of group art therapy on self-efficacy and parenting stress of mothers of children with developmental disabilities. The subjects were 14 mothers of children with developmental disabilities who attended the Family Support Center for the Disabled in G city. They were randomly assigned to either the experimental group or the control group, with 7 participants in each group. Group art therapy was conducted 12 sessions in total, and each 90-minute session was held once to twice a week. The research tools used self-efficacy test, parenting stress tests, K-HTP, and PITR drawing tests. The paired data were comparably analyzed by using t-tests. As the results of this research, group art therapy showed a statistically significant effect on self-efficacy and parenting stress in the experiment group. The members of the experiment group showed positive changes in self-efficacy and parenting stress in the qualitative analysis. This research is meaningful that group art therapy analyzed the psychological and social problems of mothers of children with developmental disabilities and presented solutions.