대학생의 결혼 및 출산 인식 분석과 정책적 함의

Analysis and Policy Implications of University Students' Perception of Marriage and Childbirth

(Purpose) This study aims to investigate university students' perceptions of marriage and childbirth and analyze the key factors influencing their decisions regarding these issues. In particular, the study focuses on understanding why young people delay or avoid marriage, the conditions that encourage marriage, their childbirth intentions, and the factors affecting family planning. The ultimate goal is to propose effective policy measures to address the low fertility rate. (Design/methodology/approach) A survey was conducted among 210 university students, with 199 valid responses analyzed. Using SPSS 25.0, frequency analysis and descriptive statistics were performed to derive insights into attitudes toward marriage and childbirth, as well as the factors influencing these decisions. (Findings) The results indicate that 77.9% of respondents had a positive perception of marriage, yet major obstacles included the high cost of housing and job insecurity. Respondents estimated that an average of 216.83 million KRW was needed for marriage, with housing expenses being the largest component. The primary factors influencing marriage decisions were finding the right partner, securing a stable job, and receiving housing support. Regarding childbirth, 65.3% of respondents believed having children was necessary, but there was a discrepancy between the ideal number of children (1.84) and their actual family planning intentions (1.57). The primary reasons for avoiding childbirth were concerns about the burden of pregnancy and childcare (47.2%) and worries about children's well-being and safety (16.7%). (Research implications or Originality) This study suggests that policies to increase marriage and birth rates among young people should focus on expanding housing support, improving job stability, and enhancing work-life balance through parental leave and flexible work arrangements. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of reducing the economic burden on young people and creating a more parent-friendly environment to encourage family formation.