미국 신농업법의 농업통상정책 개정 동향과 시사점: 2024년 미국 상·하원 개정안을 중심으로

Trends and Implications of Agricultural Trade Policy Revisions in the U.S. New Farm Bill

This study compares the Senate and House revisions to the 2024 Farm Bill with the 2018 Farm Bill, focusing on the trade title. Major revisions include mandating the use of American agricultural commodities for in-kind aid and adjusting authority between USAID and USDA to strengthen USDA’s role in emergency food assistance. Additionally, the revisions expand export promotion programs and address trade barriers concerning specialty crop exports and geographical indications (GI). These changes provide several policy implications for South Korea. First, strategic preparations will be necessary to address the evolving agricultural trade environment, especially regarding potential U.S. requests to ease quarantine restrictions on specialty crops. Second, adopting an integrated agricultural trade policy that effectively combines international agricultural cooperation and export promotion would be necessary. Finally, increased efforts to develop new export markets could help enhance farm income and promote sustainable agricultural development.