中国工农红军川滇黔边区游击纵队反“会剿”斗争历程述略

A Brief Account of the “Anti-Encirclement and Suppression” Struggle of the Sichuan-Yunnan-Guizhou Border Region Guerrilla Column of the Chinese Workers’ and Peasants’ Red Army

In February 1935, after the Central Red Army arrived at Zhaxi during the Long March, it transferred officers and soldiers to establish the Southern Sichuan Guerrilla Column of the Red Army. In July, the Qianbei (Northern Guizhou) Guerrilla Column, also created by the Central Red Army, joined forces with the Southern Sichuan Guerrilla Column. After this merger, the column was renamed the Sichuan-Yunnan-Guizhou Border Region Guerrilla Column of the Chinese Workers’ and Peasants’ Red Army. Over the course of two years, from its establishment to its eventual defeat, the column faced enemies that outnumbered them by tens of times and waged an arduous struggle against the “encirclement and suppression” campaigns. The column’s struggle can be divided into three stages: the first stage involved diverting the enemy’s attention and covering the Central Red Army’s strategic transfer; the second stage was the resistance against the enemy’s first “encirclement and suppression” campaign; and the third stage was the resistance against the enemy’s second “encirclement and suppression” campaign. The history of the column’s struggle is complex and multifaceted. This article, guided by a chronological narrative and inspired by the revolutionary spirit of the column, briefly outlines its struggle and its historical significance.

1935 年2 月，中央红军长征到扎西后，抽调指战员创建了红军川南游击纵队。7 月，中央红军创建的黔北游击队与川南游击纵队会师，会师后，纵队改称中国工农红军川滇黔边区游击纵队。纵队主体自创立至最后失败凡两年时间里，面对数十倍于自己的敌人，展开了艰苦卓绝的反“会剿”斗争。纵队斗争可分为三个阶段，第一阶段为牵制敌人，掩护中央红军转移阶段；第二阶段为反敌人第一次“会剿”阶段；第三阶段为反敌人第二次“会剿”阶段。纵队斗争历程纷繁复杂，本文以纪事逻辑出发，以纵队革命斗争精神为魂，略述其斗争历程与时代价值。