生态翻译视角下文化负载词的英译研究——以《活着》英译本为例

A Study on the English Translation of Culture-Loaded Words from the Perspective of Eco-Translatology—Based on the Study of the English Version of To Live

Throughout history and social development, various ethnic groups have accumulated and inherited numerous culture-loaded words rich in cultural significance and emotional connotations. These words, as carriers of cultural imprint, play a crucial role in bridging the gap between the original text and readers during translation. Enhancing the translation of culture-loaded words is vital for the dissemination of Chinese culture. Eco-translatology views the translator as the core of the translation activity, aiming to satisfy the transmission of information across language, culture, and communication dimensions through the interplay of selection and adaptation. Yu Hua’s To Live contains a wealth of culture-loaded words. This paper applies the “three-dimensional” conversion theory of eco-translatology to analyze the translation of these culture-loaded words in Michael Berry’s English version, exploring the dynamic balance between selective adaptation and adaptive selection. The goal is to provide constructive guidance for the English translation of culture-loaded words in translation activities and to promote the international dissemination of Chinese literature and culture.

在历史与社会的发展过程中，各民族积累并传承了许多具有深厚文化意义和情感内涵的文化负载词。这些词汇作为文化印记的载体，在翻译过程中起着连接原文和读者的关键作用，加强文化负载词的翻译对于中华文化的传播具有重要意义。生态翻译学将译者视为翻译活动的核心，在选择与适应的相互作用中，尽量满足语言、文化和交际三个方面的信息传递。余华的《活着》中包含了大量的文化负载词，本文运用生态翻译学的“三维”转换理论分析白睿文译本中这些文化负载词的翻译，探讨译者在选择性适应和适应性选择之间的动态平衡，以期为翻译活动中的文化负载词英译提供借鉴，并促进中国文学和文化的国际传播。